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英语论文提纲范文样本
英语毕业论文提纲的书写格式大家了解吗?知道和中文格式有什么不同吗?以下是英语论文提纲范文样本，请参考!
英语论文提纲范文样本【1】
一.关于英语专业毕业论文提纲
英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行，即英语文学，语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向，具体解释如下：
1.英语文学：选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行：国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。
在进行国别文学研究选题时，一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家(如海明威)，某一经典作品(如《双城记》)，某一写作手法(如象征手法的运用)或某一文学思潮(如浪漫主义运动)作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名，容易引起学生的兴趣，如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》，学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时，应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义，不能流于肤浅的分析。
文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生，因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段，本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。
比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”)，也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)
2.语言学：选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行：普通语言学和应用语言学。
普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究，如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如“一般现在时及其交际功能”)。
应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题，也要避免过大范围的选题，而应对一个具体问题进行研究，最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有：“个性与英语教学”，“方言对英语学习的影响”等。
二.英语专业毕业论文提纲要求
学位论文包括前置、主体、附录等三个部分。
(一)前置
1.英文封面：由论文英文题目、解释、作者、指导老师姓名和职称、时间组成。
2.目录：由论文的中、英文摘要、篇、章、条、款以及参考书目、附录等序号、题名和页码组成，排在英文封面之后另页。
3.中、英文内容论文摘要：摘要是论文的内容不加注释和评论的简短陈述，宜以最简洁的语言介绍论文的概要、作者的突出论点、新见解或创造性成果以及实验方法、数据或结论，是一篇完整的短文，可以独立使用，中文摘要一般在200字左右
4关键词：关键词是用以表示全文主题内容信息的单词或术语。为便于文献检索，学位论文应注明三至五个具有代表意义中、外文“关键词”，这些关键词就是论文的中心词，以显著的字符另起一行，分别排在中、外文摘要的左下方。各关键词之间用“分号”隔开。外文关键词应与中文关键词相对应。
(二)主体部分
主题部分包括引言(introduction)、正文(body)、结论(conclusion)、参考文献(bibliography)。主体部分必须由另页右页开始。中華勵誌網www.
diyifanwen.
com學習資料多多
1.引言：主要说明研究工作的目的、涉及范围、相关领域的前人研究成果和知识空白、研究设想、研究方法等方面的概述、理论意义和实用价值等。
2.正文：论文的正文是核心部分，占主要篇幅。一般论文选题需要从几个方面来论述或论证。要求论据充分，论点明确。行文必须实事求是，客观真切，准确完备，合乎逻辑，层次分明，简练可读。正文部分要有分级标题，章、条、款、项的序号编码方法，采用阿拉伯数分级系列编号法，论文中的章、条、款、项依次排列，依次从1开始，连续编号，中间用“.
”相隔，最末级编号之后不加点。示例：
结论：学位论文的结论是最终的、总体的结论，它是对正文部分的论述的概述，也可以在结论或讨论中提出建议、研究设想、尚待解决的问题等。
英语论文范文样本【2】
The influences of Cultural factor on film translations
Outline
Thesis Statement: Difference in eastern western culture causes a thing different in value orientation, Translation of a work of a movie gets a way of direct translation, and, it's possible to admit for an audience.
It’s need to changed the Culture in the movie.
Ⅰ.
Introduction: China's movie translation enterprise has passed through more than 50 year magnificent course, Movie translator offered many outstanding translated movies to the mass audiences.
Through these outstanding translated movies, the audience while understood foreign land local conditions and social customs also to feel the language infinite charm, many splendid dialogues have become the beautiful line which struggled is on everybody's lips.
If "there will be bread.
All would have.
" (the former Soviet Union film "Lenin in 1918") has inspired generations of adversity live audience in China .
Evidently, the film as the mass media, its social effects are incalculable.
However, in academic fields, Because of the impact of secular bias, the film is certainly very cold : Translation Studies, Translation Studies seem to completely ignore this area for the.
To this end, China's famous scholars Television translation Professor Qian Shao wrote that Television translation of the translation is far less atte
nti
on to literary translation.
This translation of the Television disproportionate role in the community.
This phenomenon frequently This should arouse the attention of the translation industry.
Ⅱ.
Language and culture
The language is a country culture carrier, reflects this country's the political economy, the material culture, the religious belief, the manners and customs and so on.
The language is different, the thinking mode, the behavior way as well as the language expression way is also different.
This shows that the translation is not as simple as it is not only doing language, in which it stresses culture in the story.
Ⅲ.
Cultural reconstruction
The movie translation namely has the general character with other literary work translation also to have its own particularity.
Same is all is expresses in the thought with the language art, different is the movie translation needs simultaneously to achieve manifests in the writing, forms in the sound, expresses in the audience.
Ⅳ.
The culture touches up
Strictly speaking, the translation of a film like filling a word, thinking the contents can not be altered.
Each expression has the "style Melody" has also been strictly limited.
If translator neglected "I type" of the law, regardless of the words "priorities", said the mayor short, "meaning the right can be," Well, the voice-over : guns, then there will be the following
Ⅴ.
Conclusion : The choice of film translation modes largely contributes to the reception of a source language film in a target culture.
The influences of culture factor are leading.
the influences of objective factors on film translations
Abstract: Difference in eastern western culture causes a thing different in value orientation,Translation of a work of a movie gets a way of direct translation, and, it's possible to admit for an audience.
It’s need to changed the Culture in the movie.
Key word: Translation of a movie Culture gap
China's movie translation enterprise has passed through more than 50 year magnificent course, Movie translator offered many outstanding translated movies to the mass audiences.
Through these outstanding translated movies, the audience while understood foreign land local conditions and social customs also to feel the language infinite charm, many splendid dialogues have become the beautiful line which struggled is on everybody's lips.
If "there will be bread.
All would have.
" (the former Soviet Union film "Lenin in 1918") has inspired generations of adversity live audience in China .
Evidently, the film as the mass media, its social effects are incalculable.
However, in academic fields, Because of the impact of secular bias, the film is certainly very cold : Translation Studies, Translation Studies seem to completely ignore this area for the.
To this end, China's famous scholars Television translation Professor Qian Shao wrote that Television translation of the translation is far less attention to literary
tr
anslation.
This translation of the Television disproportionate role in the community.
This phenomenon frequently This should arouse the attention of the translation industry.
1、Language and culture
The language is a country culture carrier, reflects this country's the political economy, the material culture, the religious belief, the manners and customs and so on.
The language is different, the thinking mode, the behavior way as well as the language expression way is also different.
The language in the sound film is the essential constituent, in the movie work the splendid dialogue, the fragment makes one be worth hearing a hundred times, cannot dismiss from mind for a very long time.
The culture in the society on like the memory in the individual, was the people all feasible thing precipitation gets down in the past life, turned the language slowly, turns the writing, turns music, turns the custom, turns the construction, turns the clothing, even turned not the obvious thinking mode, did not affect the future thought, the experience and the motion.
Language and cultural interdependent.
Language is the crystallization of culture, culture is transmitted through language.
Pragmatic exchanges as a medium for the inevitable translation different language deal can not but be with their respective culture communication.
Translation understanding of the basic links and expression is subject to the original language and translated phrase structure rules, and their rules for the use of double requirement.
Understand the results of the original language is the meaning and bearing the cultural information, It familiar with the original language of the rules and structure of the use of rules of the community, which can not be divorced from the original language of social and cultural factors; expression with the purpose of understanding found in the information with the target language in its social and cultural context for the effective exchange, It consistent with the structure of language translation rules and the rules for the use of the conditions, So in kee
pin
g with the target language the social and cultural factors collide, the integration phase, therefore, the mission of the translation, in the final analysis, is a social and cultural context to get out and then enter a social and cultural context, and its appearance and the language is the language of communication, and the essence of culture and cultural exchanges.
Therefore, the cultural translation by the point of view of language is the carrier of culture, culture is the language of the regulation, translation is culture and culture of dialogue, cross-cultural transmission.
As such, the translator must be familiar with the two cultures.
Translation cross-cultural communication is the intermediary links, culture and communication with the dual nature.
And the dissemination of culture and integration, is like a "wave-particle duality" -- its "tablets" is a cultural, The "wave" is spread.
(15) In other words, Culture and Communication each other for the survival of that culture is the spread of content, is culturally.
cultural context of communications.
Therefore, we can say this is the process of translating culture and the culture of dialogue, the dissemination of culture, translation itself is a culture, is spread occurs in the language exchanges in the process of cross-cultural communication.
This shows that the translation is not as simple as it is not only doing language, in which it stresses culture in the story; We should not only understand one language, one culture, but also links the two languages, two cultures -- This is the minimum condition For this one, everyone is very difficult to do.
Cultural Images "a cultural symbol, it has a relatively fixed unique cultural meaning, and some are still rich with meaning Lenovo far-reaching, as long as the people I mentioned them, a tacit understanding between each other immediately, very easy to communicate ideas.
"phenomena and the implication of the two images is an important component.
Phenomena is the significance of the information carrier, which was formed image of the objective facts; implies is phenomena in a certain language and the cultural environment of the extended meaning.
Imagery that is the function in a variety of contexts, with concrete to the abstract performance, known or easy to know the unknown or enlightenment is difficult
to
know
If the Song Dynasty poet Su Shi, in his famous "Ode of Chibi before," using such Ephemeroptera Chaoshengmusi small insects to describe life is short, people are very insignificant : "Ephemeroptera sent to earth, there has been a drop in the proverbial bucket.
"English Proverb It is the last straw that breaks th e camel 's back.
meaning "camel overloading, with a straw it will be crushed.
"Proverbs imagery words the last straw" Finally a rice grass, "and vividly symbolize" of a people or something intolerable to the pole.
2、Cultural reconstruction
The movie translation namely has the general character with other literary work translation also to have its own particularity.
Same is all is expresses in the thought with the language art, different is the movie translation needs simultaneously to achieve manifests in the writing, forms in the sound, expresses in the audience.
But Chinese, English belong the entirely different two big language families, Chinese are the glyph English are the alphabetic scripts.
Movie translator must carry on the successful cut between these two kind of entirely different language families is not an easy matter.
The cultural reconstruction finds at everywhere in the movie translation.
The English movie 《Red Shoes》 , mainly narrated an England ballerina cannot make the correct choice facing love and the enterprise, finally moves towards the cliff the chilly wan story.
At first when domestic showing, the movie is translated “the red dance shoes”, although the literal translation is faithful to English original intention, also threads up the plot, but appears after all writes in a straightforward manner, arouses audience's any association with difficulty.
Later period, the identical movie film title is translated on a foreign outstanding movie exhibition tour “the red water chestnut to be colorful”, thin savors thin, although the movie flipped the translator to compare with that double delicate red dance shoes the red water chestnut which the Chinese audience women and children all knew, the implication red water chestnut grew in the muddy water sludge, actually tender and beautiful enchanting, curved red water, justed like China ancient times female's woman's bound feet, the woman's bound
fe
et although exquisite, but condensed how many female's tears of blood, some has even paid the life price for it.
Therefore passes “the red water chestnut to be colorful” this film title to cause the audience to associate is putting on like the red water chestnut dance shoes dancing girl gorgeous actually star crossed.
Translator's ingenious borrowing “the red water chestnut” a word, the Chinese culture will graft the movie in the implication, the success has restructured one the cultural image which for the Chinese audience familiar, will comprehend, accepts[Www_LunWenData_Com]
The American movie 《Waterloo Bridge》 , described First World War period, young attractive actress Masurium La knew young military officer Luo on the Waterloo bridge to depend on, has combined to make or become the lover.
But after, Masurium La learned Luo Yi died in battle the battlefield, is in deep sorrow, in order to survive reduces for the prostitute.
When Luo appears according to the miracle, she is unable facing the reality, for love and the reputation, she arrives once more with Luo according to the first love place, got killed on the wheel billowing Waterloo bridge.
It is well known, in 1817 England has made the Waterloo bridge in the Thames river bank investment, commemorates the Wellington duke by this to direct the English army to defeat the battle of waterloo victory which Napoleon obtains.
If the literal translation film title is “the Waterloo bridge”, as soon as looked for the first time, the audience can think this is one goes to war the related war piece with Napoleon or is the introduction
an
d this building related documentary film.
In the Chinese several millennium cultural histories, with the bridge correlation love story, such as, the cowherd and the weaving maidens “meeting of lovers”, the Shanxi Province Lantian “the blue bridge meets” and so on.
“The blue bridge meets” plot has places of the many equally good results from different methods with Waterloo the Bridge.
Therefore the translator finally translates the film title “the soul to break the blue bridge”, has avoided the audience ingeniously because the city cultural difference, the historical perspective knowledge lacks losing which causes, as soon as borrows “the blue bridge” to cause the audience to see the film title instantly comprehends this is about love movie.
British film "Night Merry" in the conversation:
Peter: Oh, this? Well, I like privacy when I retire.
Yes, I’m very delicate in that respect.
Prying eyeeees annoy me.
Behold the walls of Jerichho! Err, maybe not aaas thick aas the ones that Joshua blew down with his trumpet.
I just show you my heart’s in the right place, I’ll give you my best pair of pajamas.
Do you mind joining the Israelites?
White said this is a very representative, because in the meantime, said there were "Jericho walls, Joshua.
Israelis "and three" Bible "of the historical story of the words.
As we all know, the prevalence of Buddhist East, particularly in China, Chinese viewers can get some idea of Buddhism, and the Western culture, especially the Western religious history knows very little about the culture.
Hence the film switch for a moment the Chinese audience of the above three is a link between a difficult matter.
They do not understand this, "Jericho wall", "Joshua" and "Israelis" between what is the relationship.
Literal translation for the above not only Chinese audiences Lee puzzling.
It also lost the film translation of real meaning.
To enable the Chinese audience aware of this three terms of relations so that the text of those involved in the special cultural imagery fullness, Translator in the film translation of this text as follows embellishment :
Peter : this? I do not want to break the interference by others, in that regard I am very sensitive, others do not want to be peeped at.
You see this as the "Bible" of the Jericho walls, Although not as good as the "Bible" -- Israeli commander Joshua trumpet blown by the thickness, than it much safer.
You see, I did not bugle call, in order to express my impartiality, and I put my pajamas happens to the best of you right.
You do not want the Israelis? Because of the "Jericho wall", "Joshua" "The Israelis" from the "Bible" of the words added to the story the necessary cultural meaning Xiurun words, audiences not only understand the "story" of the source The next in the Context also realize a final word "Israel" refers to the specific.
Xiurun strengthened the language in the context of transparency; Enhance the cultural image in the audience understanding of the definition.
The movie translates the Chinese-adapted reconstruction the significance to lie in it to be able effectively to achieve promptly the movie work the concealed implication, causes the effect which the audience understands.
3、The culture touches up
As a result of the East and West culture difference, movie translator should help the audience to understand as far as possible these with a nationality's history, the region culture, the religious custom and so on have the close correlation language phenomenon.
In if the movie translation does not do to certain specific cultural image any touches up processing, considers the matter in and of itself the literal translation, can create this cultural image the damage, the cultural implication is torn to pieces.
American movie Waterloo Bridge, from the very beginning, has this kind of section of offscreen voices:
Announceer’s Voice: At 11:15 this morning, the Prime Ministeer, speaking to the nation from Numbeer Ten Downing Street,announced that Great Britain is at war with Germany.
Right “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” this concealment culture image geographic name does not give supplement showing the speech, believed the overwhelming majority China ordinary audience meets the uninformed at sea its cloud.
First the audience does not know “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” in any place.
Next, they did not know the radio announcer mentions “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” in here to have what special implication especially.
In order to enable the movie translation to reach it in the limited time in the mass audiences.
The translator suitably to above translates the document to appropriately supplements touches up, “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” will translate English prime minister the mansion.
Through supplements “English prime minister the mansion”, causes the audience now at last truly realized “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” true meaning.
Here, “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” conceals the image three-dimensional unfolds in audience's front, the audience understood only then truly has typically the terr
ito
ry culture geographic name “Numbeer Ten Downing Street” complete cultural connotation.
Film translation somewhat like two-man, and the dramatis personae-mouth assembly actor voices sound, words and phrase as its mouth.
Translation task is to provide a blueprint for the dubbing, asked to guarantee the accurate, vivid, touching premise, in an attempt to length Rhythm, ventilation, pause and even open-mouth, and other aspects of cooperation with the dramatis personae seek to speak expression, consistent tone, finally give the audience heard the sounds, to see people who know Which statement from the mouth.
Translation must take into account a standstill, rhythm and movement, the characters, but also improved the formal and resourcefulness language, humor, intended implication, subtext.
Finally, you need to think opera is staged, but also "singalong.
" It is these elements give the script translation stage theater seeks to rebuild the formal beauty of character.
Strictly speaking, the translation of a film like filling a word, thinking the contents can not be altered.
Each expression has the "style Melody" has also been strictly limited.
If translator neglected "I type" of the law, regardless of the words "priorities", said the mayor short, "meaning the right can be," Well, the voice-over : guns, then there will be the following : For example, too long phrase translation, dubbing can only accelerate the pace of "drive" -- the results become calm mind anxiously.
the occurrence of the character shown impetuous lightly; Instead, the translation of long sentences too short, dubbing can only slow down the "stall" -- the results become agitated enthusiasm sluggish indifference able decisive become Had no resolution.
and so on and so forth.
4、Cultural Image Conversion
Linguists believe that all the world to see the same objective, different ethnic languages will give it "brush different colors.
" Because of this, the cultural dislocation images will be specific performance as a metaphor for the culture of body image on the difference.
In other words, in a cultural tradition implies a positive image of a beautiful culture in another culture podiums become negative implication of the ugly Cultural Images.
British film "Wuthering Heights" has this kind of a fragment
Isabella: It’s a brother’s duty,dear Edgaar, to introduce his sisteer to some other type than fops and pale young poets.
Edgar: Oh, you want a dragon?
Isabella: Yes, I do.
With a fiery mustache.
In Translation "dragon" is the key word.
In the English language, the "dragon" as a "devil" interpretation.
Whenever the term and Western ideologies will immediately showed an ugly face of the devil are threatening manner toward humans, It is not difficult to see the "dragon" in Western language and culture implicitly pejorative.
In Chinese culture "dragon" symbolizes the word "elegance, and the supremacy of" Italy, former emperor of the Chinese people to call "the real dragon the emperor.
" Thus, the "Dragon" related to the majority of terms agreed with great reverence.
If the Chinese refer to themselves as "descendants of the dragon"; Long for their children for the future of promising "succeed.
" "Dragon" in the East and West languages, its cultural image of the natural implication is absolutely contrary.
In short, although the phenomena, but the implication is completely different.
Evidently "carabiniere" hard Translation "dragon" is clearly inappropriate.
When the Chinese audience watching the film Humi
he
ar, "carabiniere" the word They certainly will immediately think of "he" may be "the Royal Cavalry.
" But Yishabeila answer to allow the audience to the film's elaborate those induced by consciousness altering clouds.
Viewers can not help but ask : The upright "Royal Cavalry," is how "a red-hot long-bearded"? In Chinese tradition, history and culture, Only those who have more heads and hands of a terrible monster green eyebrows, red bearded face.
Such copying can not handle things to the language and the cultural dislocation Images of the thorny issues, also not translated this vividly the true meaning of dialogue, but to the semantic context of the link set up a language barrier.
Therefore, in the cases of China and Egypt and Yishabeila increase in the last paragraph of dialogue might translate as follows : Edgar : Oh, you want a dragon Oh, you do not want to marry a barbarian! ?Isabella : Yes, I do.
With a fiery mustache.
Yes, also a long-bearded red-hot.
As the East-West cultural differences, the film tr
ans
lation of many English words if the hardware directly translated, will make the Chinese audience unacceptable and endorsements.
In addition, the film version of the translation of film screen switching time constraints, not as translated literary works, in some obscure's Office to make some notes, so we will have to give white audience : a, a view that is fully understood.
The translator should be based on national audience from the audience were dubbed in Tibetan taste to appreciate the art of perspective, Selection of the national language and the original art is most similar to the unit, most close to the national audience for the familiar, readily accept the terms and cultural imagery to the film translation.
In summary, in the Trans-Culture background must accurately express the implication which the movie must reflect, macroscopically, the translator wants to understand the culture contains, the translation elementary theory and the skill, and in on microscopic must observe the different language family carefully the national culture tradition, the cultural content and the cultural psychology difference performs to contrast and the analysis.
Only then in considered the foreign land culture under the premise “the letter, reaches, elegant” merges into one organic whole, causes the translation “the god, the shape” and the cyclopentadiene, like this can guarantee the culture “the facsimile” the realization, can complete the cultural translation truly.
References
1、Huzhengrong,《General Communication》[M], Beijing Broadcasting Institute Press,1997
2、Zhouyueliang,《Ancient Chinese Culture History》[M], Beijing Broadcasting Institute Press,2000
3、Fanzhongying,《Practical Translation》[M], Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,1994
4、Dengyanchang、Liurunqing,《Language and culture》[M], Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,1989
5、Wangbinqing,《Cultural Translation》[M], Nankai University Press,1995
6、Chendehong、Zhangnanfeng,《Featured Western Translation Theory》[M], City University of Hong Kong Press,2002
7、Guojianzhong,《Translation of cultural factors》[J],《Foreign Language》,1998
8、Hugongze,《Translation Theory of Evolution and Development》[M], Shulin Publishing Limited,1994
9、Wanghongzhi,《Re-interpretation of the "letter Dayaxin" : 20th-century Chinese Translation》[M], Oriental Publishing Center,1999
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