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大学英文毕业论文
大学英文毕业论文怎么写?这对不少大学毕业生而言,无疑是个难题。以下是一篇大学英文毕业论文范文,仅供大家参考,希望大家从中领略到如何写毕业论文。
Companiesusedtomeasuretheirmusclebythesizeoftheirinventory.Biggerwasbetter.Vastwarehousesfilledtocapacityensuredefficientassemblylinesandguaranteedthat,comehellorhighwater,productionwouldneverstop.Whocaredaboutcarryingcosts?Theywouldbeerasedbyincreasedsales.Butnowthatequationhaschanged.
Loweringinventoriesisoneofthequickestwaystodecreaseworkingcapitalneeds.Performancemeasurements,suchastheoldstandbyROA(returnonassets)andthenewerEVA(economicvalueadded),aswellasothermeasuresthatgaugehowefficientlycapitalisused,havebecomemorecommonorganizationaldrivers.Infact,manytimesanexecutive'sbonusdepends,atleastinpart,onhowefficientlycapitalisused.Couplethedriveforefficientcapitalusewiththeneedtorespondmorequicklytochangesincustomerdemand,withshorterandshorterorder-to-deliverycycletimes,andyouhaveaproblemthatischallengingmanyorganizations.
LeanerandMeaner
Inthebigpicture,Americanbusinesshassucceededinitsquesttorunlean.Butalmostallthesegainsininventoryreductionhappenedfrom1981to1991,andthepast10yearshavenotseenmuchimprovement.InventoryasapercentofGDPheldsteadyat3.8percentfrom1992to2000.Ratherthanbeingeliminated,inventoryhasbeenpusheddownintothelowerreachesofthesupplychain,frommanufacturerstotop-tiersupplierstolower-tiersuppliers.GM,forexample,improvedinventoryturns,acommonmetricthatmeasurestotalcostofgoodssolddividedbyaverageinventory,andservesasavaluableindicationofhowoftenacompanysellsoutitsinventory(thehigherthebetter)-55.2percentbetween1996and2001.However,thecompanythatsuppliesitstires,Goodyear,sawitsinventoryturnsdecline21percentduringthatsametime.Inotherwords,lower-tiersuppliersareleftholdingthebagforthebigboyslikeGMandWal-Mart.
InventoryManagementTheory
Inventoryandthemanagementthereofbelongtoeveryoneinthecompanybutnobodywantstoownit.InventoryManagementistrulyinterdisciplinaryandspansfromfinancialandmanagerialaccounting,tooperationsresearch,materialhandlingtologistics.ThefollowingisaquickoverviewofInventoryControl/Managementterminologyandtheory.
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