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初二上册英语语法

时间:2022-10-26 07:45:58 英语作文 我要投稿
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初二上册英语语法大全

初二上册英语语法大全

初二上册英语语法大全

  1) leave的用法

  1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:

  When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的?

  2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:

  Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

  3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如:

  Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京?

  2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

  should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:

  How should I know? 我怎么知道?

  Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚?

  should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:

  We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

  我们在使用时要注意以下几点:

  1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:

  You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

  2.用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:

  You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。

  3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:

  We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

  She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

  3) What...? 与 Which...?

  1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:

  What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?

  该句相当于:

  What does your father do?

  What is your father's job?

  Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:

  ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?

  ---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

  2.What...? 是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...? 是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:

  What color do you like best?(所有颜色)你最喜爱什么颜色?

  Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow?

  你最喜爱哪一种颜色? (有特定的范围)

  3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:

  Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国?

  4) 频度副词的位置

  1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:

  always(总是,一直)

  usually(通常)

  often(常常,经常)

  sometimes(有时候)

  never(从不)

  2.频度副词的位置:

  a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如:

  David is often arrives late for school.大卫上学经常迟到。

  b.放在行为动词前。如:

  We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天经常在7:10去上学。

  c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:

  Sometimes I walk home, sometime I ride a bike.

  有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。

  3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。如:

  Never have I been there.我从没到过那儿。

  5) every day 与 everyday

  1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如:

  We go to school at 7:10 every day.

  我们每天7:10去上学。

  I decide to read English every day.

  我决定每天读英语。

  2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。

  She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.

  她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

  What's your everyday activity?  你的日常活动是什么?

  6) 什么是助动词

  1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:

  He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

  (doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)

  2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:

  a. 表示时态,例如:

  He is singing. 他在唱歌。

  He has got married. 他已结婚。

  b. 表示语态,例如:

  He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

  c. 构成疑问句,例如:

  Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗?

  Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

  d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:

  I don't like him.  我不喜欢他。

  e. 加强语气,例如:

  Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

  He did know that.  他的确知道那件事。

  3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

  7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do

  1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)

  The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.

  办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

  He forgot turning the light off.

  他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)

  Don't forget to come tomorrow.

  别忘了明天来。    (to come动作未做)

  典型例题

  ---- The light in the office is still on.

  ---- Oh,I forgot___.

  A. turning it off  B. turn it off

  C. to turn it off  D. having turned it off

  答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

  2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做);

  remember doing记得做过某事(已做)

  Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。

  Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

  8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

  1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如:

  easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:

  It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

  2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如:

  good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

  It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

  3.for 与of 的辨别方法:

  用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:

  You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。

  He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)

  9) 对两个句子的提问

  新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:

  句子:The boy in blue has three pens.

  提问:1. Who has three pens?

  2. Which boy has three pens?

  3. What does the boy in blue have?

  4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?

  很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:

  句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.

  提问:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

  2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

  3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

  4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?

  5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?

  6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?

  10) so、such与不定冠词的使用

  1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:

  He is so funny a boy.

  Jim has so big a house.

  2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如:

  It is such a nice day.

  That was such an interesting story.

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