英语记叙文写作技巧

时间：2024-09-26 14:07:28 王娟学习技巧我要投稿

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英语记叙文写作技巧

　　相信许多人都有过写作文的经历，对作文都不陌生吧，尤其是应用极其广泛的记叙文，记叙文的六要素是指：时间、地点、人物、事件（经过）、原因、结果等。那么问题来了，记叙文应该怎么写？下面是小编整理的英语记叙文写作技巧（精选5篇），仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

英语记叙文写作技巧

　　英语记叙文写作技巧1

　　1.明确五个“W”和一个“H”

　　要写好记叙文，首先必须确定写些什么，然后懂得如何收集、选取素材，而不能提笔就写，写到哪里算哪里。

　　这里，我们可以借用新闻英语写作中经常用到的五个“W”和一个“H”的概念。

　　即：What(什么事)，Who(什么人)， When (什么时候)，Where(什么地点)，Why(什么原因)，How (怎么样)。

　　尽管不是每篇英语记叙文都一定要将这些W和H包括进去，但是，一方面，确定写作内容、收集写作素材必定要围绕这五个W和一个H进行;另一方面，一篇好的英语记叙文读后不应让读者还存有上述疑问。

　　请读下面这篇简短的习作：

　　Last week I took part in the final piano contest at the school.On that night,I was so nervous(紧张)that I could hardly move my fingers.As I waited for my turn to appear on the stage,I was sure I had forgotten the opening notes of my piece of music.I began thinking of ways to run away;maybe I could faint(晕倒) or pretend(假装)to be very much ill.But then at the last minute my piano teacher came by to wish me luck and said something that suddenly changed everything.When my turn came,I played with ease and confidence(信心).

　　Although the results of the contest were disappointing(失望),I was pleased that I had conquered(征服)one of my major enemies--stage fright(怯场).

　　文中黑体部分读后让人留下了两个疑问：1)老师究竟说了些什么(What)使得一切突然发生了变化;

　　2)既然“轻松自信地”进行了演奏，为何(Why)结果会令人失望。

　　由于文章没有很好地处理这两个W，所以尽管文笔不错，还是一篇没有写好的记叙文。

　　2.确定以第几人称以及何种顺序展开记叙

　　一般来说，英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。

　　第一人称是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙;第三人称是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，要根据具体情况合理选用。

　　在用第一人称的记叙文中，不要过多地使用“I…”，“We…”这样的句型，以免给人单调乏味的感觉。

　　在以第三人称进行记叙时，要避免过多的评论，以至失去记叙文的客观性。

　　另一方面，确定了记叙视角后，不可再随意变来变去，以免破坏文章的连贯性以及打乱读者的思路。

　　在确定了记叙的视角后，还要确定以何种顺序展开记叙。

　　在英语记叙文中，最常用的是按事情发生的时间顺序进行记叙。

　　尽管有时采用不按时间顺序的倒叙、插叙等方法可以产生某种特定的效果，但就目前中学生的实际英语水平而言，最值得练习的还是以时间顺序展开的记叙方法;因为这种记叙顺序无论从时态，还是连接词、过渡词等方面都比较容易掌握。

　　下面是从第一人称角度，按事情发生顺序所写的一篇较好的习作：

　　An Unusual Autumn Night

　　It was a cool autumn night.Many people were already deep in sleep,but I was still reading an interesting novel.Suddenly I smelt something burning.I looked out of the window.Oh,my god!A fire had broken out!A house on the opposite side was on fire.It was my classmate,Lilys house.Flames were shooting out of the kitchen windows.

　　Smoke was everywhere.“Fire!Fire!Help!Help!”I cried out at the top of my voice.Then I called the fire brigade.By this time,many neighbours had been worken up and were running out.I took a pail and joined the people in putting out the fire.Luckily,Lily and her parents came out in time.

　　They were so frightened and nervous that they could do nothing but cry.I was about to go to comfort them when suddenly I thought of the big colour TV set in their living room.It would explode and cause more damage if the fire reached it.

　　I rushed into the house without much thinking.I found the TV set quickly,but couldnt move it.The flames were coming.I tried all I could to push out the table on which the TV set was placed.The table suddenly moved and I fell,my leg hurt.Just at that time,two firefighters appeared.One carried me out and the other carried out the TV set.

　　About half an hour later,the fire was put out.Fortunately,it didnt destroy many things.Of course it didnt spread to other houses either.Lilys parents were so thankful that they couldnt say a word.My neighbours and the firefighters said I was a brave girl.

　　Later that night,I didnt sleep a wink,not that my injured leg hurt much but that I was excited.I thought a lot.In this world,there are still bad things-- theft,robbery,wars,but there are more good-natured people.If everyone does a bit for others,the world will become much better.

　　3.在塑造人物、展开情节上下功夫

　　像写汉语记叙文一样，要写好英语记叙文也必须在塑造人物、展开情节上下功夫。

　　我们记叙的任何事情都是要由人来进行的，人物塑造的好坏是衡量记叙文好坏的一个重要标准。

　　因此，人物，特别是主要人物的动作、言语如何记叙表达都应该仔细推敲。

　　另外，所述事情的情节展开也不能面面俱到地“报流水账”，而要突出重点，详略有致。

　　还应该有意识地采用类似“设置悬念”、“前后呼应”等的写作手法，以吸引读者的兴趣。

　　请读下面这篇摘自人民教育出版社出版的高一英语教科书中的一篇短文：

　　My friend Paul will never forget his first chemistry teacher.He was a little man with thick glasses,but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.And his lessons were not easily forgotten.

　　Paul remembers one of his first lessons from this teacher.After the students were all in the chemistry lab,the teacher brought out three bottles.One was filled with petrol(汽油),one with castor oil(蓖麻油)and one with vinegar(醋).

　　“Now watch carefully,”said the teacher.

　　He then filled a cup with some of the petrol,some of the castor oil and some of the vinegar.As the students watched him quietly,he mixed the three together.After that,he held up one of his fingers and showed it to the class.He then dipped it into the cup.After a few seconds he took his finger out.“Now watch,”he said.“Remember,you must do everything as I do.”

　　He put a finger in his mouth,tasted it and smiled,looking rather pleased.Then he handed the cup around the class of students.Each student dipped a finger into the mixture and sucked (吮吸)it.Instead of smiling,each of them made a face.The mixture tasted terrible.

　　When the cup was at last returned to the teacher,he said sadly,“Im sorry,none of you watched carefully enough.Yes,I sucked a finger,but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup.”

　　It was Pauls first important lesson as a student of chemistry and he never forgot it.

　　全文重点突出，抓住化学课上老师让学生尝试混合液体这一细节来详细叙述，而不赘述化学课的其他环节。

　　同时，通过着重描写尝试混合液体的过程以及相应的反应，特别是用直接引语客观表述老师的说明，令人信服地塑造了一个让人难以忘怀的教师形象。

　　总之，写好英语记叙文的基本方法是：首先明确所要记叙的要素，即上面所述的五个W和一个H;然后，确定以第几人称的视角以及何种顺序展开记叙，以保证记叙的条理性;最后，多在塑造人物、展开情节上下功夫，使文章能引人入胜。

　　英语记叙文写作技巧2

　　一、方法指导

　　叙述文实际上就是记叙文，是以叙述人物或事物发展变化的过程为主的一种文体。

　　通常使用第一人称或第三人称来写，第一人称主要是用于写自传或本人的经历，第三人称是用于写他人的经历或事迹。

　　叙述文一般都是叙述过去发生的事情，所以原则上通常用过去时态写。

　　叙述的方法一般是按事物发展的顺序来进行表达的。

　　二、实例与范文

　　爱因斯坦是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。

　　有一次，一个年轻人问爱因斯坦成功的秘诀是什么，爱因斯坦说是刻苦，几天后这个人又问了同一个问题，爱因斯坦很恼火，他什么也没说，只在纸上写了几个字递给那个年轻人，纸上写着“A=X+Y+Z”，年轻人不明白，于是爱因斯坦解释道：A指成功，X指刻苦，Y指好方法，Z指少说多做。

　　Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.A young man once asked the great scientist what the secret of success is.Einstein told him that the secret of success is hard work.A few days later,the young man asked him the same question again.Einstein was very annoyed.

　　He did not say anything but wrote a few words on a piece of paper.On it writing:A=X+Y+Z.” What does this mean by?” asked the young man.“A means success,”explained the scientist,“X stands for hard work.Y stands for good methods and Z means — stop talking and get down to work.”

　　英语记叙文写作技巧3

　　记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个“ W ”(what,who,when,where,why)和一个“ H ”(how)。

　　记叙文的重点在于“述说”和“描写”，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。

　　下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。

　　一、记叙文的特点

　　1.叙述的人称

　　英语的记叙文一般是以第一或第三人称的角度来叙述的。

　　用第一称表示的是由叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历。

　　它的优点在于能把故事的情节通过“我”来传达给读者，使人读后感到真实可信，如身临其境。

　　如：

　　The other day,I was driving along the street.Suddenly,a car lost its control and ran directly towards me fast.I was so frightened that I quickly turned to the left side.But it was too late.The car hit my bike and I fell off it.

　　用第三人称叙述，优点在于叙述者不受“我”活动范围以内的人和事物的限制，而是通过作者与读者之外的第三者，直接把故事中的情节展现在读者面前，文章的客观性很强。

　　如：

　　Little Tom was going to school with an umbrella,for it was raining hard.On the way,he saw an old woman walking in the rain with nothing to cover.Tom went up to the old woman and wanted to share the umbrella with her,but he was too short.What could he do? Then he had a good idea.

　　2.动词的时态

　　在记叙文中，记和叙都离不开动词。

　　所以动词出现率最高，且富于变化。

　　记叙文中用得最多的是动词的过去的，这是英语记叙文区别于汉语记叙文的关键之处。

　　英语写作的优美之处就在于这些动词时态的变化，正是这一点才使得所记、所叙有鲜活的动态感、鲜明的层次感和立体感。

　　3.叙述的顺序

　　记叙一件事要有一定的顺序。

　　无论是顺叙、倒叙、插叙还是补叙，都要让读者能弄清事情的来龙去脉。

　　顺叙最容易操作，较容易给读者提供有关事情的空间和时间线索。

　　但这种方法也容易使文章显得平铺直叙，读起来平淡乏味。

　　倒叙、插叙、补叙等叙述方法能有效地提高文章的结构效果，让所叙之事跌宕起伏，使读者在阅读时思维产生较大的跳跃，从而为文章所吸引，深入其中。

　　但这些方法如果使用不当，则容易弄巧成拙，使文章结构散乱，头绪不清，让读者不知所云。

　　4.叙述的过渡

　　过渡在上下文中起着承上启下、融会贯通的作用。

　　过渡往往用在地点转移或时间、事件转换以及由概括说明到具体叙述时。

　　如：

　　In my summer holidays,I did a lot of things.Apart form doing my homework,reading an English novel,watching TV and doing some housework,I went on a trip to Qingdao.It is really a beautiful city.There are many places of interest to see.But what impressed me most was the sunrise.

　　The next morning I got up early.I was very happy because it was a fine day.By the time I got to the beach,the clouds on the horizon were turning red.In a little while,a small part of the sun was gradually appearing.The sun was very red,not shining.It rose slowly.At last it broke through the red clouds and jumped above the sea,just like a deep-red ball.At the same time the clouds and the sea water became red and bright.

　　What a moving and unforgettable scene!

　　5.叙述与对话

　　引用故事情节中主要人物的对话是记叙文提高表现力的一种好方法。

　　适当地用直接引语代替间接的主观叙述，可以客观生动地反映人物的性格、品质和心理状态，使记叙生动、有趣，使文章内容更加充实、具体。

　　试比较下面两段的叙述效果：

　　I was in the kitchen,and I was cooking something.Suddenly I heard a loud noise from the front.I thought maybe someone was knocking the door.I asked who it was but I heard no reply.After a while I saw my cat running across the parlor.I realized it was the cat.I felt released.

　　这本来应是一段故事性很强的文字，但经作者这么一写，就不那么吸引人了。

　　原因是文中用的都是叙述模式，没有人物语言，把“悬念”给冲淡了。

　　可作如下调整：

　　I was in the kitchen cooking something."Crash!" a loud noise came from the front.Thinking someone was knocking at the door,I asked,"Who?" No reply.After a while,I saw my cat running across the parlor."Its you." I said,quite released.

　　二、写好记叙文的基本要领

　　1.头绪分明，脉络清楚

　　写好记叙文，首先要头绪分明，脉络清楚，明确文章要求写什么。

　　要对所写的事件或人物进行分析，弄清事件发生、发展一直到结束的整个过程，然后再收集选取素材。

　　这些素材都应该跟上述五个“ W ”和一个“ H ”有关。

　　尽管不是每篇记叙文里都必须包括这些“ W ”和“ H ”，但动笔之前，围绕五个“ W ”和“ H ”进行构思是必不可少的。

　　2.突出中心，详略得当

　　在文章的框架确定后，对支持故事的素材的选取是很关键的。

　　选材要注意取舍，应该从表现文章主题的需要出发，分清主次，定好详略。

　　要突出重点，详写细述那些能表现文章主题的重要情节，略写粗述那么非关键的次要情节。

　　面面俱到反而使情节罗列化，使人不得要领。

　　这一点是写好记叙文要解决的一个基本问题，也需要一定的技巧。

　　如：

　　One night a man came to our house and told me,"There is a family with eight children.They have not eaten for days." I took some food with me and went.

　　When I finally came to that family,I saw the faces of those little children disfigured (破坏外貌) by hunger.There was no sorrow or sadness in their faces,just the deep pain of hunger.

　　I gave the rice to the mother.She divided the rice in two,and went out,carrying half the rice.When she came back,I asked her,"Where did you go?" she gave me this simple answer,"To my neighbors — they are hungry also!"

　　3.用活语言，准确生动

　　记叙文要用具体的事件和生动的语言对人、事、物加以叙述。

　　一篇好的记叙文的语言既要准确、生动，又要表现力强，这样才能把人、事描写得具体生动，其可读性才强。

　　试比较下面一篇例文修改的前后效果。

　　原文：

　　One day Xiaoqiang was wandering away.He was soon lost among people and traffic.He could not find the way back home and started crying.Just then,two young students who were passing by found him standing alone in front of a shop and crying.They went up to Xiaoqiang and asked him what had happened.Xiaoqiang told them how he got lost and where he lived.

　　The two students decided to take him home.Mother was pleased to see Xiaoqiang come back safe and sound.She invited the two students into the house and gave them some money,but they didnt take it.She served them with tea but they left.

　　修改后：

　　The other day,five-year-old Xiaoqiang left home alone and wandered happily in the street.After some time,he felt hungry so he wanted to go back home.But he found he was lost among the crowded people and heavy traffic.When he could not find the way home,he started and crying.Just then,two young students who were passing by from school found him sanding crying in front of a shop.They immediately went up to him.

　　"Little boy,why are you standing here crying?" they asked.

　　"I want Mom,I go home." said the boy,still crying.

　　"Dont worry,well send you home."

　　And they spent the next two hours looking for the boys house.With the help of a policeman,they finally found it.

　　When the worried mother saw her son come back safe and sound,she was so thankful and she invited the students into her house.Gratefully,she offered them some money,saying it was a way to express her thanks,but the young students firmly refused it and left without even a cup of tea.

　　英语记叙文写作技巧4

　　记叙文是以叙述人物的经历和事物的发展变化过程为主要表现形式的一种文体。记叙文既可以以写人为主，又可以以写事为主。写记叙文要注意记叙文的“六大要素”即：

　　时间(When)—— 何时发生，有没有具体时间?

　　地点(Where)—— 何地发生，有没有地点变化?

　　人物(Who)—— 何人参与，谁是主角?

　　事件(What)—— 发生了什么，有何特点?

　　原因(Why)—— 事件的起因?

　　结果(How)—— 事件的经过及结局?

　　一般说来，在一篇记叙文中这六大要素是缺一不可的。

　　记叙文的思路就围绕这六大要素充分展开。

　　【例】英语四级考试中，只出现过一次专门的记叙文体裁的写作，即“An Early Morning Walk”(1988.6.)，2003年6月出现过包含记叙文的作文，即“An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident”。

　　对于“An Early Morning Walk”，知道命题要求后，我们就要开始构思了。

　　When：题目已规定了是“清晨”，在这个时候，“我”去散步。

　　Where：到哪儿散步?去公园?在校园里?在街上(街上空气不好，还是不去!)。

　　Who：在公园里看到晨练的人：中老年人、年轻人、小孩子;在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。

　　What：人们热火朝天地做操，随音乐跳舞，打球，等等。

　　Why：清晨空气清新，适合锻炼;一日之际在于晨，背背书，读读单词。

　　当然，由这个题目可以令人想到很多东西，因篇幅所限，我们做了删减。

　　参考范文

　　An Early Morning Walk

　　One morning I got up very early,and everything around was very quiet.The sun had just risen,shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk.There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees.I strolled along the street toward the park,breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.

　　When I arrived at the park,I found,to my surprise,that there were so many people there.Men and women,boys and girls,all were enjoying themselves in their various activities.Some were doing morning exercises,some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.

　　I wandered around the park.To my delight,I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park.I went up and spoke to them in English.We soon became friends.I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English.On the way home,I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful.Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.

　　叙述一场交通事故

　　A:根据以下提示叙述一场交通事故：1)用第一人称;2)短语提示：drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour;it was dark;a small girl chased a dog;not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3)写出作者对此交通意外的感想。

　　参考范文

　　Last night I was driving home from work.I had an accident.I was following behind a truck,driving at about 30 kilometers an hour.I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark.

　　Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left.She was chasing a dog and she wasn’t paying any attention to the traffic.I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right.

　　The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car.Fortunately I did not hit her,but I hit a car coming in the other direction.Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious.It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child,I thought to myself.

　　B:以第一人称写一篇记叙文，讲述在旅行中经历的一件小事。

　　参考范文

　　Go on a Mediterranean Journey

　　My wife and I have always enjoyed traveling by sea，and last year we decided to go on a Mediterranean journey.Although our holiday was rather expensive we thought that the high standard of accommodation,the first-class food and the many interesting places we saw were well worth the price we paid.

　　We found that most of the other passengers were friendly and interesting,but there was one man,a Mr.James,who irritated and annoyed us.Whatever subject we talked about,it seemed that he was an expert at it.He had,apparently,read more books,visited more countries and studied more languages,than anyone else had.After a few days,we ate our meals in silence,because nobody wanted to begin a conversation that would soon be taken over by this man.

　　Then my wife had an idea.She suggested that we might think of an unusual subject,look it up in an encyclopedia and then talk about it at dinner.If it were an unusual subject,Mr.James could not possibly know anything about it.The subject we chose was “English Agriculture in the Eleventh Century.” At dinner that night we discussed this subject with great enthusiasm.Mr.James was silent.We realized we had at last come to find something he knew nothing about.

　　英语记叙文写作技巧5

　　记叙文讲述一件事或一系列事情或事件。从广义上讲，真实或虚构的故事、自传、历史、新闻都属于记叙文。写记叙文要注意以下五个方面：

　　1.背景

　　记叙文往往一开头就向读者提供背景资料，交代文中所叙述事件发生的地点、时间等。这样读者容易理解文章中的记叙的事件。

　　2.细节的选择与详略

　　作者应该选用与内容有关或能表现主要观点的细节，而不应把胡子眉毛一把抓，最后让读者如堕烟海，不知所云。叙事要根据中心的需要来确定详略，对最能表达中心的要详写，其他的则略写。作者把叙事的重点放在主要细节上，对其他细节则一笔带过，这样就疏密有致，浓淡相宜，文章和谐匀称，主题突出。

　　3.组织结构

　　在记叙文中，事件通常是按其发生的先后次序来叙述的，这叫顺叙。但是故事有时也可以从中间甚至结局写起，从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后回过头来追述故事的开端和经过，这叫倒叙。

　　记叙文一般有开头、中间和结尾。场景描写可以放在开头，中间部分讲述故事本身。故事讲明白了，叙述也就自然而然地结束了，无需增加一个多余的结尾。但有时可能需要增加一两句话，谈谈故事的重大意义或后来又发生了什么事情。

　　4.叙事内容

　　叙事内容要清楚、完整，文章结构要体现“五何”原则。

　　叙述一件事情，就要在文中交代清楚五方面的内容即何时、何地、何人、何事以及发展如何，也就是英语中的when.where.who.what 以及how，使叙述做到有因有果，有起有落，给人以完整的印象。交代五大要素时，要力求灵活多样，切忌呆板。例如交代时间时，可用时间状语(When we arrived there?) 也可用介词短语(on arriving there)或用一些时间 (then)副词等，只有灵活地交代要素，文章才能生动。

　　叙事离不开写人，因此叙事记叙文中一定要注意写好人物，表现出人物的性格特征。而语言又是思想的载体，因此，文中适当地用直接引语不仅起着刻画人物性格的作用，而对事件的发展也有一定程度的推动作用。因此，在写叙事记叙文时必须注意人物和对话的描写。

　　5.叙述角度

　　故事可以用第一人称叙述，也可以用第三人称的叙述，二者各有利弊。第一人称的叙述使读者感到所描绘的一切都是作者亲眼所见或亲自经历过的，因此读起来更真实生动。但是，这种叙述难以反映在同一时间内不同地点发生的事情。第三人称叙述就没有这一局限性，同时还可能更加客观。不过，妥善地编排在不同地点、不同人物身上发生的事情也不是一件容易的事。

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